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akuTEK investigates several features of concert hall reflector arrays and orchestra canopies, to gain knowledge on design that provides adequate reflections. A paper on this topic was presented at BNAM 2006, read the paper here. Canopy reflectors is often an important element in Stage Acoustics. The low frequency limit for the useful reflections from a reflector array is discussed in this Paper and this Poster, as presented at IOA Auditorium Acoustics in Copenhagen 2006. A simple geometric estimator for the low cut frequency is deduced from measurements and theory. A paper on this topic was presented at ICA 2007 in Madrid: Low Frequency Limits of Reflector Arrays(pdf). Presentation: PDF-version (261kB) A status report on Frequency Limits of Reflector Arrays will be presented on the conference Auditorium Acoustics, by IOA and NAS, Oslo 2008. Paper. Abstract:
The useful range of reflector arrays is restricted by two independent low frequency limits and one high frequency limit. Flat panel arrays have inherently narrow frequency range, and it is therefore important to predict and to control its frequency limits. A suggested predictor for Fc, based on array geometry, has been verified by measurements at normal incidence and for certain geometrical patterns. Further work should aim for general confirmation of this predictor, or an improvement if needed. It is recommended to develop array design with a more even frequency response within ±3dB deviation from the ideal level, and with a frequency range of at least the 250-4kHz octave bands. This requirement may imply that the flat panel in its simplest form is not adequate.
The existence of a reflection filter related to element size and geometry, and its predictable corresponding cut off frequency is supported by several scale model measurements, and recently by a student project on NTNU, Trondheim, Norway, by M. Dalåmo: Frequency Response of Reflector Arrays .
Angle dependency of the reflection filter is yet to establish and will be further investigated. A recent investigation of incidence angle on square panels using BEM is presented here.
The inherent narrow frequency range of reflector arrays when used as orchestra canopies can be widened by using curved panels. The effect of convex edges and curved panels is presented here.
Edge perimeter and edge diffraction is significant to the low frequency response of reflectors and reflector arrays. External research paper: Fast time-domain edge-diffraction for interactive acoustic simulations (2.6MB pdf) Also in room acoustic computer modeling in general, and of reflector arrays in particular, edge diffraction appears to play an important role. Get the latest update by 2006 in this presentation and this paper by Svensson and Calamia. When designing a reflector above the orchestra pit in an opera house, it is essential to define its purpose, since the balance between singers and orchestra is very sensitive to its shape and position. A case study can be found in this paper. Pioneer work An array of triangular panels forming a canopy in the 6000 seat Tanglewood Shed was completed in 1959. The main purpose was to provide early reflections, less than 50ms delayed, reducing the initial time delay gap - ITDG. Since then panel arrays have become common in concert halls, small or big. |
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Reflector array and orchestra canopy design |
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akutek.info |
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The Acoustic www Conference site |
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Canopies and Arrays |
